mARAB states have urged Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to take a "courageous step" and give up power in return for safe passage to end the bloodshed in his country.
Arab League foreign ministers also called on the Syrian opposition and the Free Syrian Army to form a transitional government to ensure a smooth change of power, according to Kuwaiti Deputy Prime Minister Sheikh Sabah al-Khaled al-Sabah.
"President Bashar al-Assad can do more than anyone else to put an end to the destruction and the killings by taking a courageous step," Qatari Prime Minister Hamad bin Jassim al-Thani said, according to the official Qatar News Agency.
The call came as rebels battled government forces in the capital, Damascus, and Syria's largest city, Aleppo.
The Syrian government claimed to have retaken control of Damascus after the 4th Armoured Division, commanded by Dr Assad's younger brother Maher, swept through three rebel-held districts and laid siege to a fourth.
The Israeli military claimed last night that Dr Assad remained in the capital, after rumours that he had fled for the coastal city of Latakia.
US intelligence officials said yesterday that Syrian government forces have moved some of the country's stocks of sarin and VX nerve gas and other chemical weapons. They don't know whether the Syrians are trying to secure the weapons or move them into position to use against the opposition if Dr Assad orders that.
In an apparent attempt to deter a counter-offensive, Turkey has sent batteries of ground-to-air missiles to the border with Syria as rebels took control of three crossing points. Turkey is sheltering thousands of Syrians who have fled the conflict at home.
Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan warned last month after the downing of a military jet initially blamed on Damascus that it now regarded Syria as a "clear and imminent threat".
Syria has in turn accused Turkey of sheltering rebels and training and supplying militants fighting the regime in a conflict that erupted in March 2011 and has now claimed at least 19,000 lives, according to activists.
Rebels were now in control of the Jerablus, Bab al-Hawa and al-Salama border posts on the frontier with Turkey, a diplomat and Turkey's Anatolia news agency said.
At the al-Salama border post, about 17 rebel fighters armed with Kalashnikov assault rifles burnt portraits of Dr Assad as rebel leader Ammar Dehdeh gave details of the battle, which he said had lasted for three hours early on Sunday.
"This border post has a strategic importance for the regime, because this area is the most suitable one to set up a buffer zone," said Mr Dehdeh.
The al-Salama post lies north of Aleppo, facing the Turkish border post of Oncupinar near Kilis.
Frequently Asked Questions about this Article…
What did Arab states urge President Bashar al-Assad to do and why?
Arab states called on President Bashar al-Assad to take a "courageous step" and give up power in return for safe passage, aiming to end the bloodshed in Syria. They also urged the Syrian opposition and the Free Syrian Army to form a transitional government to ensure a smooth change of power, according to statements reported by Arab League ministers.
How did the article describe the military situation in Damascus and Aleppo that investors should know about?
The article reported rebels battling government forces in both Damascus and Aleppo. The Syrian government said it retook control of parts of Damascus after the 4th Armoured Division, led by Maher al-Assad, swept through rebel-held districts; fighting in Aleppo was also highlighted. These developments point to ongoing instability and potential for further escalation.
What did U.S. intelligence say about Syrian chemical weapons and why does that matter for regional risk?
U.S. intelligence officials said Syrian government forces had moved stocks of sarin, VX nerve gas and other chemical weapons. They were unsure whether the moves were to secure the stocks or to position them for possible use. Such reports increase international concern and add to geopolitical uncertainty in the region, which can affect investor sentiment and risk assessments.
How has Turkey responded to the conflict near its border and why is that relevant to investors?
Turkey has sent batteries of ground-to-air missiles to its border with Syria and is sheltering thousands of Syrians who fled the fighting. Turkish leaders also warned they viewed Syria as a "clear and imminent threat" after a downed military jet. Turkey’s military posture and refugee flows raise the risk of cross-border incidents and broader regional tension, factors investors watch closely.
Which Syrian border crossings did rebels reportedly control, and what is the significance for regional stability?
Rebels were reported to control the Jerablus, Bab al-Hawa and al-Salama border posts on the frontier with Turkey. The al-Salama post was described as strategically important for the regime because it could be used to set up a buffer zone. Control of border crossings affects supply lines, refugee movement and the potential for international involvement, all relevant to regional stability.
What human and humanitarian impacts did the article highlight that everyday investors should be aware of?
The article noted the conflict, which began in March 2011, had claimed at least 19,000 lives according to activists, and that Turkey was sheltering thousands of Syrians who had fled. Large humanitarian crises can strain neighbouring economies, influence government policy responses, and weigh on investor confidence in the region.
Could reports of Assad remaining in Damascus or fleeing affect market perceptions of the conflict?
Yes. The article mentioned conflicting reports—Syrian and Israeli statements that Dr Assad remained in Damascus amid rumours he had fled to Latakia. Such uncertainty about leadership and control can amplify market worries about further instability, prompting investors to monitor developments closely for implications on regional risk exposure.
How should everyday investors monitor and respond to geopolitical risk from the Syrian conflict?
Keep following reliable, up‑to‑date news on key indicators mentioned in the article—changes in control of cities and border posts, military movements (including missile deployments), refugee flows and official reports about chemical weapons. Use that information to reassess portfolio exposure to the region and geopolitical-sensitive assets, and consider diversification and professional guidance if you have concentrated regional exposure. The article’s events underline the value of tracking political risk as part of investment decision-making.